The Value of Comparison
نویسندگان
چکیده
As is well known, Lewis Henry Morgan contributed substantially to the study of kinship and the study of social evolution. Today Morgan is still a household name among Chinese anthropologists due to the influence he has had on Marx and Engels. Morgan’s thought became part of Marxist orthodoxy and thus fundamental for the Communist Party’s approach to minorities in China. The Han majority was seen in evolutionary terms as more advanced than the minorities, a theory well suited to earlier civilizational ones. Superior in its material civilization (agriculture) it had the historical task to lead the minorities to higher development. It is an irony of history that the ghost of Morgan, a brilliant capitalist still haunts the academic institutions of Communist China. Fei Xiaotong, one of the fathers of Chinese anthropology, still asserted this theory in the 1980s and it continues to be one of the pillars of Chinese policy towards nationalities. Fei argues in his Tanner Lectures 1
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